Phytochemical and Some Pharmacological Studies on the Stem Bark of Anogeissus lieocarpus (Combretacea)
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- NGN 5000
Abstract
The plant Anogeissus lieocarpus (Combretacea), is a plant widely used in Africa as a remedy for abdominal pains, cough and chest pain. The plant is also beneficial in leprosy, malaria, anthelmentic, fungal and bacterial infections. The bark of Anogeissus lieocarpus was screened phytochemically and it was found to be rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, other poly phenols, sterols, saponins, carbohydrates, tannins and anthraquinones. Ethyl acetate extract of the bark was fractionated into fractions C and P, and these fractions were subjected to Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Fraction C gave 17 - (1,5 – dimethyl – 3 - phenyl sulfanyl hex – 4 - enyl) - 4,4,10,13,14 – pentamethyl - 2,3,4,5,6,7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 - tetradeca hydro - 1H - cyclopent phenanthrene; 3`H - cyclo prop (1,2) - 5-cholest - 1- en – 3 - one, 1`-carboethoxy - 1`- cyano - 1,2 - dihydro and Ursa, 9(11), 12 – dien – 28 - oic acid, 3 - (acetyloxy)-methyl ester, (3beta), while fraction P gave nhexadecanoic acid; 1- nonadecene; Oleic acid and Oleic acid, 3 - (octadecyloxy) propyl ester; and steroids such as 3, 9, beta, 14, 15 – Diepoxy preg – 16 – en - 20-one, 3,11, beta, 18 - triacetoxy; (22S) – 21 - Acetoxy – 6 - alpha, 11- beta – dihydroxy - 16 alpha, 17 - propylmethylene, dioxypregna -1,4 – diene - 3,20 – dione,; Glycine, N-[(3. alpha, 5.beta, 12.alpha) – 3,12 –dihydroxy - 24 - oxocholan-24-yl]; 25 – Norisopropyl - 9,19 - cyclo lanostan – 22 – en – 24 – one; 3 –acetoxy – 24 - phenyl; Beta - sitosterol acetate; and cholesterol. The ethanolic extract of the bark was observed to antagonize histamine-induced contractions on isolated guinea pig ileum in a dose dependant manner. Similarly the extract reverses acetylcholine induced contractions on the isolated guinea pig ileum. The extract also relaxes the isolated tissue.
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